#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Copyright (c) 2005-2020, PyInstaller Development Team.
#
# Distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License (version 2
# or later) with exception for distributing the bootloader.
#
# The full license is in the file COPYING.txt, distributed with this software.
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-or-later WITH Bootloader-exception)
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------


"""
Various classes and functions to provide some backwards-compatibility
with previous versions of Python from 2.7 onward.
"""

from __future__ import print_function

import io
import os
import platform
import site
import subprocess
import sys
import errno
from .exceptions import ExecCommandFailed

# Distinguish code for different major Python version.
is_py2 = sys.version_info[0] == 2
is_py3 = sys.version_info[0] == 3
# Copied from https://docs.python.org/3/library/platform.html#cross-platform.
is_64bits = sys.maxsize > 2**32
# Distinguish specific code for various Python versions.
is_py27 = sys.version_info >= (2, 7) and sys.version_info < (3, 0)
# Variables 'is_pyXY' mean that Python X.Y and up is supported.
# Keep even unsupported versions here to keep 3rd-party hooks working.
is_py35 = sys.version_info >= (3, 5)
is_py36 = sys.version_info >= (3, 6)
is_py37 = sys.version_info >= (3, 7)

is_win = sys.platform.startswith('win')
is_win_10 = is_win and (platform.win32_ver()[0] == '10')
is_cygwin = sys.platform == 'cygwin'
is_darwin = sys.platform == 'darwin'  # Mac OS X

# Unix platforms
is_linux = sys.platform.startswith('linux')
is_solar = sys.platform.startswith('sun')  # Solaris
is_aix = sys.platform.startswith('aix')
is_freebsd = sys.platform.startswith('freebsd')
is_openbsd = sys.platform.startswith('openbsd')
is_hpux = sys.platform.startswith('hp-ux')

# Some code parts are similar to several unix platforms
# (e.g. Linux, Solaris, AIX)
# Mac OS X is not considered as unix since there are many
# platform specific details for Mac in PyInstaller.
is_unix = is_linux or is_solar or is_aix or is_freebsd or is_hpux or is_openbsd


# On different platforms is different file for dynamic python library.
_pyver = sys.version_info[:2]
if is_win or is_cygwin:
    PYDYLIB_NAMES = {'python%d%d.dll' % _pyver,
                     'libpython%d%d.dll' % _pyver,
                     'libpython%d%dm.dll' % _pyver,
                     'libpython%d.%d.dll' % _pyver,
                     'libpython%d.%dm.dll' % _pyver}  # For MSYS2 environment
elif is_darwin:
    # libpython%d.%dm.dylib for Conda virtual environment installations
    PYDYLIB_NAMES = {'Python', '.Python',
                     'libpython%d.%d.dylib' % _pyver,
                     'libpython%d.%dm.dylib' % _pyver}
elif is_aix:
    # Shared libs on AIX are archives with shared object members, thus the ".a" suffix.
    # However, python 2.7.11 built with XLC produces libpython?.?.so file, too.
    PYDYLIB_NAMES = {'libpython%d.%d.a' % _pyver,
                     'libpython%d.%d.so' % _pyver}
elif is_freebsd:
    PYDYLIB_NAMES = {'libpython%d.%d.so.1' % _pyver,
                     'libpython%d.%dm.so.1' % _pyver,
                     'libpython%d.%d.so.1.0' % _pyver,
                     'libpython%d.%dm.so.1.0' % _pyver}
elif is_openbsd:
    PYDYLIB_NAMES = {'libpython%d.%d.so.0.0' % _pyver,
                     'libpython%d.%dm.so.0.0' % _pyver}
elif is_hpux:
    PYDYLIB_NAMES = {'libpython%d.%d.so' % _pyver}
elif is_unix:
    # Other *nix platforms.
    # Python 2 .so library on Linux is: libpython2.7.so.1.0
    # Python 3 .so library on Linux is: libpython3.2mu.so.1.0, libpython3.3m.so.1.0
    PYDYLIB_NAMES = {'libpython%d.%d.so.1.0' % _pyver,
                     'libpython%d.%dm.so.1.0' % _pyver,
                     'libpython%d.%dmu.so.1.0' % _pyver,
                     'libpython%d.%dm.so' % _pyver}
else:
    raise SystemExit('Your platform is not yet supported. '
                     'Please define constant PYDYLIB_NAMES for your platform.')


# Function with which to open files. In Python 3, this is the open() built-in;
# in Python 2, this is the Python 3 open() built-in backported into the "io"
# module as io.open(). The Python 2 open() built-in is commonly regarded as
# unsafe in regards to character encodings and hence inferior to io.open().
open_file = open if is_py3 else io.open
text_read_mode = 'r' if is_py3 else 'rU'


# These are copied from ``six``.
#
# Type for representing (Unicode) textual data.
text_type = unicode if is_py2 else str
# Type for representing binary data.
binary_type = str if is_py2 else bytes


# This class converts all writes to unicode first. For use with
# ``print(*args, file=f)``, since in Python 2 this ``print`` will write str, not
# unicode.
class unicode_writer:

    # Store the object to proxy.
    def __init__(self, f):
        self.f = f

    # Insist that writes use the ``text_type``.
    def write(self, _str):
        self.f.write(text_type(_str))

    def writelines(self, lines):
        self.f.writelines([text_type(_str) for _str in lines])

    # Proxy all other methods.
    def __getattr__(self, name):
        return getattr(self.f, name)



# In Python 3 there is exception FileExistsError. But it is not available
# in Python 2. For Python 2 fall back to OSError exception.
if is_py2:
    FileExistsError = OSError
else:
    from builtins import FileExistsError

# Python 3 moved collections classes to more sensible packages.
if is_py2:
    from collections import Sequence, Set
else:
    from collections.abc import Sequence, Set

# In Python 3 built-in function raw_input() was renamed to just 'input()'.
try:
    stdin_input = raw_input
except NameError:
    stdin_input = input

# Safe repr that always outputs ascii
if is_py2:
    safe_repr = repr
else:
    safe_repr = ascii

# String types to replace `isinstance(foo, str)`
# Use `isinstance(foo, string_types)` instead.
if is_py2:
    string_types = basestring
else:
    string_types = str

# Correct extension ending: 'c' or 'o'
if __debug__:
    PYCO = 'c'
else:
    PYCO = 'o'

# Options for python interpreter when invoked in a subprocess.
if __debug__:
    # Python started *without* -O
    _PYOPTS = ''
else:
    _PYOPTS = '-O'


# In a virtual environment created by virtualenv (github.com/pypa/virtualenv)
# there exists sys.real_prefix with the path to the base Python
# installation from which the virtual environment was created. This is true regardless of
# the version of Python used to execute the virtualenv command, 2.x or 3.x.
#
# In a virtual environment created by the venv module available in
# the Python 3 standard lib, there exists sys.base_prefix with the path to
# the base implementation. This does not exist in Python 2.x or in
# a virtual environment created by virtualenv.
#
# The following code creates compat.is_venv and is.virtualenv
# that are True when running a virtual environment, and also
# compat.base_prefix with the path to the
# base Python installation.

base_prefix = getattr( sys, 'real_prefix',
                       getattr( sys, 'base_prefix', sys.prefix )
                        )
# Ensure `base_prefix` is not containing any relative parts.
base_prefix = os.path.abspath(base_prefix)
is_venv = is_virtualenv = base_prefix != os.path.abspath(sys.prefix)

# Conda environments sometimes have different paths or apply patches to
# packages that can affect how a hook or package should access resources.
# Method for determining conda taken from:
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/47610844#47610844
is_conda = os.path.isdir(os.path.join(base_prefix, 'conda-meta'))

# In Python 3.4 module 'imp' is deprecated and there is another way how
# to obtain magic value.
if is_py3:
    import importlib.util
    BYTECODE_MAGIC = importlib.util.MAGIC_NUMBER
else:
    # This fallback should work with Python 2.7.
    import imp
    BYTECODE_MAGIC = imp.get_magic()


# List of suffixes for Python C extension modules.
try:
    # In Python 3.3+ there is a list
    from importlib.machinery import EXTENSION_SUFFIXES, all_suffixes
    ALL_SUFFIXES = all_suffixes()
except ImportError:
    import imp
    ALL_SUFFIXES = [f[0] for f in imp.get_suffixes()]
    EXTENSION_SUFFIXES = [f[0] for f in imp.get_suffixes()
                          if f[2] == imp.C_EXTENSION]


# In Python 3 'Tkinter' has been made lowercase - 'tkinter'. Keep Python 2
# compatibility.
if is_py2:
    modname_tkinter = 'Tkinter'
else:
    modname_tkinter = 'tkinter'


# On Windows we require pywin32-ctypes
# -> all pyinstaller modules should use win32api from PyInstaller.compat to
#    ensure that it can work on MSYS2 (which requires pywin32-ctypes)
if is_win:
    try:
        from win32ctypes.pywin32 import pywintypes  # noqa: F401
        from win32ctypes.pywin32 import win32api
    except ImportError:
        # This environment variable is set by seutp.py
        # - It's not an error for pywin32 to not be installed at that point
        if not os.environ.get('PYINSTALLER_NO_PYWIN32_FAILURE'):
            raise SystemExit('PyInstaller cannot check for assembly dependencies.\n'
                             'Please install pywin32-ctypes.\n\n'
                             'pip install pywin32-ctypes\n')


def _architecture():
    """
    Returns the bit depth of the python interpreter's architecture as
    a string ('32bit' or '64bit'). Similar to platform.architecture(),
    but with fixes for universal binaries on MacOS.
    """
    if is_darwin:
        # Darwin's platform.architecture() is buggy and always
        # returns "64bit" event for the 32bit version of Python's
        # universal binary. So we roll out our own (that works
        # on Darwin).
        if sys.maxsize > 2 ** 32:
            return '64bit'
        else:
            return '32bit'
    else:
        return platform.architecture()[0]

architecture = _architecture()
del _architecture

def _system():
    # On some Windows installation (Python 2.4) platform.system() is
    # broken and incorrectly returns 'Microsoft' instead of 'Windows'.
    # http://mail.python.org/pipermail/patches/2007-June/022947.html
    syst = platform.system()
    if syst == 'Microsoft':
        return 'Windows'
    return syst

system = _system()
del _system

def _machine():
    """
    Return machine suffix to use in directory name when looking
    for bootloader.

    PyInstaller is reported to work even on ARM architecture. For that
    case `system` and `architecture` are not enough.
    Path to bootloader has to be composed from `system`, `architecture`
    and `machine` like:
        'Linux-32bit-arm'
    """
    mach = platform.machine()
    if mach.startswith('arm'):
        return 'arm'
    elif mach.startswith('aarch'):
        return 'aarch'
    else:
        # Assume x86/x86_64 machine.
        return None

machine = _machine()
del _machine


# Set and get environment variables does not handle unicode strings correctly
# on Windows.

# Acting on os.environ instead of using getenv()/setenv()/unsetenv(),
# as suggested in <http://docs.python.org/library/os.html#os.environ>:
# "Calling putenv() directly does not change os.environ, so it's
# better to modify os.environ." (Same for unsetenv.)

def getenv(name, default=None):
    """
    Returns unicode string containing value of environment variable 'name'.
    """
    return os.environ.get(name, default)


def setenv(name, value):
    """
    Accepts unicode string and set it as environment variable 'name' containing
    value 'value'.
    """
    os.environ[name] = value


def unsetenv(name):
    """
    Delete the environment variable 'name'.
    """
    # Some platforms (e.g. AIX) do not support `os.unsetenv()` and
    # thus `del os.environ[name]` has no effect onto the real
    # environment. For this case we set the value to the empty string.
    os.environ[name] = ""
    del os.environ[name]


# Exec commands in subprocesses.

def exec_command(*cmdargs, **kwargs):
    """
    Run the command specified by the passed positional arguments, optionally
    configured by the passed keyword arguments.

    .. DANGER::
       **Ignore this function's return value** -- unless this command's standard
       output contains _only_ pathnames, in which case this function returns the
       correct filesystem-encoded string expected by PyInstaller. In all other
       cases, this function's return value is _not_ safely usable. Consider
       calling the general-purpose `exec_command_stdout()` function instead.

       For backward compatibility, this function's return value non-portably
       depends on the current Python version and passed keyword arguments:

       * Under Python 2.7, this value is an **encoded `str` string** rather than
         a decoded `unicode` string. This value _cannot_ be safely used for any
         purpose (e.g., string manipulation or parsing), except to be passed
         directly to another non-Python command.
       * Under Python 3.x, this value is a **decoded `str` string**. However,
         even this value is _not_ necessarily safely usable:
         * If the `encoding` parameter is passed, this value is guaranteed to be
           safely usable.
         * Else, this value _cannot_ be safely used for any purpose (e.g.,
           string manipulation or parsing), except to be passed directly to
           another non-Python command. Why? Because this value has been decoded
           with the encoding specified by `sys.getfilesystemencoding()`, the
           encoding used by `os.fsencode()` and `os.fsdecode()` to convert from
           platform-agnostic to platform-specific pathnames. This is _not_
           necessarily the encoding with which this command's standard output
           was encoded. Cue edge-case decoding exceptions.

    Parameters
    ----------
    cmdargs : list
        Variadic list whose:
        1. Mandatory first element is the absolute path, relative path,
           or basename in the current `${PATH}` of the command to run.
        1. Optional remaining elements are arguments to pass to this command.
    encoding : str, optional
        Optional keyword argument specifying the encoding with which to decode
        this command's standard output under Python 3. As this function's return
        value should be ignored, this argument should _never_ be passed.
    __raise_ENOENT__ : boolean, optional
        Optional keyword argument to simply raise the exception if the
        executing the command fails since to the command is not found. This is
        useful to checking id a command exists.

    All remaining keyword arguments are passed as is to the `subprocess.Popen()`
    constructor.

    Returns
    ----------
    str
        Ignore this value. See discussion above.
    """

    encoding = kwargs.pop('encoding', None)
    raise_ENOENT = kwargs.pop('__raise_ENOENT__', None)
    try:
        out = subprocess.Popen(
            cmdargs, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, **kwargs).communicate()[0]
    except OSError as e:
        if raise_ENOENT and e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
            raise
        print('--' * 20, file=sys.stderr)
        print("Error running '%s':" % " ".join(cmdargs), file=sys.stderr)
        print(e, file=sys.stderr)
        print('--' * 20, file=sys.stderr)
        raise ExecCommandFailed("Error: Executing command failed!")
    # Python 3 returns stdout/stderr as a byte array NOT as string.
    # Thus we need to convert that to proper encoding.

    if is_py3:
        try:
            if encoding:
                out = out.decode(encoding)
            else:
                # If no encoding is given, assume we're reading filenames from
                # stdout only because it's the common case.
                out = os.fsdecode(out)
        except UnicodeDecodeError as e:
            # The sub-process used a different encoding,
            # provide more information to ease debugging.
            print('--' * 20, file=sys.stderr)
            print(str(e), file=sys.stderr)
            print('These are the bytes around the offending byte:',
                  file=sys.stderr)
            print('--' * 20, file=sys.stderr)
            raise
    return out


def exec_command_rc(*cmdargs, **kwargs):
    """
    Return the exit code of the command specified by the passed positional
    arguments, optionally configured by the passed keyword arguments.

    Parameters
    ----------
    cmdargs : list
        Variadic list whose:
        1. Mandatory first element is the absolute path, relative path,
           or basename in the current `${PATH}` of the command to run.
        1. Optional remaining elements are arguments to pass to this command.

    All keyword arguments are passed as is to the `subprocess.call()` function.

    Returns
    ----------
    int
        This command's exit code as an unsigned byte in the range `[0, 255]`,
        where 0 signifies success and all other values failure.
    """

    # 'encoding' keyword is not supported for 'subprocess.call'.
    # Remove it thus from kwargs.
    if 'encoding' in kwargs:
        kwargs.pop('encoding')
    return subprocess.call(cmdargs, **kwargs)


def exec_command_stdout(*command_args, **kwargs):
    """
    Capture and return the standard output of the command specified by the
    passed positional arguments, optionally configured by the passed keyword
    arguments.

    Unlike the legacy `exec_command()` and `exec_command_all()` functions, this
    modern function is explicitly designed for cross-platform portability. The
    return value may be safely used for any purpose, including string
    manipulation and parsing.

    .. NOTE::
       If this command's standard output contains _only_ pathnames, this
       function does _not_ return the correct filesystem-encoded string expected
       by PyInstaller. If this is the case, consider calling the
       filesystem-specific `exec_command()` function instead.

    Parameters
    ----------
    cmdargs : list
        Variadic list whose:
        1. Mandatory first element is the absolute path, relative path,
           or basename in the current `${PATH}` of the command to run.
        1. Optional remaining elements are arguments to pass to this command.
    encoding : str, optional
        Optional name of the encoding with which to decode this command's
        standard output (e.g., `utf8`), passed as a keyword argument. If
        unpassed , this output will be decoded in a portable manner specific to
        to the current platform, shell environment, and system settings with
        Python's built-in `universal_newlines` functionality.

    All remaining keyword arguments are passed as is to the
    `subprocess.check_output()` function.

    Returns
    ----------
    unicode or str
        Unicode string of this command's standard output decoded according to
        the "encoding" keyword argument. This string's type depends on the
        current Python version as follows:
        * Under Python 2.7, this is a decoded `unicode` string.
        * Under Python 3.x, this is a decoded `str` string.
    """

    # Value of the passed "encoding" parameter, defaulting to None.
    encoding = kwargs.pop('encoding', None)

    # If no encoding was specified, the current locale is defaulted to. Else, an
    # encoding was specified. To ensure this encoding is respected, the
    # "universal_newlines" option is disabled if also passed. Nice, eh?
    kwargs['universal_newlines'] = encoding is None

    # Standard output captured from this command as a decoded Unicode string if
    # "universal_newlines" is enabled or an encoded byte array otherwise.
    stdout = subprocess.check_output(command_args, **kwargs)

    # Return a Unicode string, decoded from this encoded byte array if needed.
    return stdout if encoding is None else stdout.decode(encoding)


def exec_command_all(*cmdargs, **kwargs):
    """
    Run the command specified by the passed positional arguments, optionally
    configured by the passed keyword arguments.

    .. DANGER::
       **Ignore this function's return value.** If this command's standard
       output consists solely of pathnames, consider calling `exec_command()`;
       else, consider calling `exec_command_stdout()`.

    Parameters
    ----------
    cmdargs : list
        Variadic list whose:
        1. Mandatory first element is the absolute path, relative path,
           or basename in the current `${PATH}` of the command to run.
        1. Optional remaining elements are arguments to pass to this command.
    encoding : str, optional
        Optional keyword argument specifying the encoding with which to decode
        this command's standard output under Python 3. As this function's return
        value should be ignored, this argument should _never_ be passed.

    All remaining keyword arguments are passed as is to the `subprocess.Popen()`
    constructor.

    Returns
    ----------
    (int, str, str)
        Ignore this 3-element tuple `(exit_code, stdout, stderr)`. See the
        `exec_command()` function for discussion.
    """
    encoding = kwargs.pop('encoding', None)
    proc = subprocess.Popen(cmdargs, bufsize=-1,  # Default OS buffer size.
            stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, **kwargs)
    # Waits for subprocess to complete.
    out, err = proc.communicate()
    # Python 3 returns stdout/stderr as a byte array NOT as string.
    # Thus we need to convert that to proper encoding.
    if is_py3:
        try:
            if encoding:
                out = out.decode(encoding)
                err = err.decode(encoding)
            else:
                # If no encoding is given, assume we're reading filenames from
                # stdout only because it's the common case.
                out = os.fsdecode(out)
                err = os.fsdecode(err)
        except UnicodeDecodeError as e:
            # The sub-process used a different encoding,
            # provide more information to ease debugging.
            print('--' * 20, file=sys.stderr)
            print(str(e), file=sys.stderr)
            print('These are the bytes around the offending byte:',
                  file=sys.stderr)
            print('--' * 20, file=sys.stderr)
            raise

    return proc.returncode, out, err


def __wrap_python(args, kwargs):
    cmdargs = [sys.executable]

    # Mac OS X supports universal binaries (binary for multiple architectures.
    # We need to ensure that subprocess binaries are running for the same
    # architecture as python executable.
    # It is necessary to run binaries with 'arch' command.
    if is_darwin:
        mapping = {'32bit': '-i386', '64bit': '-x86_64'}
        py_prefix = ['arch', mapping[architecture]]
        # Since OS X 10.11 the environment variable DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH is no
        # more inherited by child processes, so we proactively propagate
        # the current value using the `-e` option of the `arch` command.
        if 'DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH' in os.environ:
            path = os.environ['DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH']
            py_prefix += ['-e', 'DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=%s' % path]
        cmdargs = py_prefix + cmdargs

    if _PYOPTS:
        cmdargs.append(_PYOPTS)

    cmdargs.extend(args)

    env = kwargs.get('env')
    if env is None:
        env = dict(**os.environ)

    if is_py3:
        # Ensure python 3 subprocess writes 'str' as utf-8
        env['PYTHONIOENCODING'] = 'UTF-8'
        # ... and ensure we read output as utf-8
        kwargs['encoding'] = 'UTF-8'

    return cmdargs, kwargs


def exec_python(*args, **kwargs):
    """
    Wrap running python script in a subprocess.

    Return stdout of the invoked command.
    """
    cmdargs, kwargs = __wrap_python(args, kwargs)
    return exec_command(*cmdargs, **kwargs)


def exec_python_rc(*args, **kwargs):
    """
    Wrap running python script in a subprocess.

    Return exit code of the invoked command.
    """
    cmdargs, kwargs = __wrap_python(args, kwargs)
    return exec_command_rc(*cmdargs, **kwargs)


## Path handling.

# The function os.getcwd() in Python 2 does not work with unicode paths on Windows.
def getcwd():
    """
    Wrap os.getcwd()

    On Windows return ShortPathName (8.3 filename) that contain only ascii
    characters.
    """
    cwd = os.getcwd()
    # os.getcwd works properly with Python 3 on Windows.
    # We need this workaround only for Python 2 on Windows.
    if is_win and is_py2:
        try:
            unicode(cwd)
        except UnicodeDecodeError:
            # Do conversion to ShortPathName really only in case 'cwd' is not
            # ascii only - conversion to unicode type cause this unicode error.
            try:
                cwd = win32api.GetShortPathName(cwd)
            except ImportError:
                pass
    return cwd


def expand_path(path):
    """
    Replace initial tilde '~' in path with user's home directory and also
    expand environment variables (${VARNAME} - Unix, %VARNAME% - Windows).
    """
    return os.path.expandvars(os.path.expanduser(path))


# Define the shutil.which() function, first introduced by Python 3.3.
try:
    from shutil import which
# If undefined, this is Python 2.7. For compatibility, this function has been
# backported without modification from the most recent stable version of
# Python as of this writing: Python 3.5.1.
except ImportError:
    def which(cmd, mode=os.F_OK | os.X_OK, path=None):
        """Given a command, mode, and a PATH string, return the path which
        conforms to the given mode on the PATH, or None if there is no such
        file.

        `mode` defaults to os.F_OK | os.X_OK. `path` defaults to the result
        of os.environ.get("PATH"), or can be overridden with a custom search
        path.

        """
        # Check that a given file can be accessed with the correct mode.
        # Additionally check that `file` is not a directory, as on Windows
        # directories pass the os.access check.
        def _access_check(fn, mode):
            return (os.path.exists(fn) and os.access(fn, mode)
                    and not os.path.isdir(fn))

        # If we're given a path with a directory part, look it up directly rather
        # than referring to PATH directories. This includes checking relative to the
        # current directory, e.g. ./script
        if os.path.dirname(cmd):
            if _access_check(cmd, mode):
                return cmd
            return None

        if path is None:
            path = os.environ.get("PATH", os.defpath)
        if not path:
            return None
        path = path.split(os.pathsep)

        if sys.platform == "win32":
            # The current directory takes precedence on Windows.
            if not os.curdir in path:
                path.insert(0, os.curdir)

            # PATHEXT is necessary to check on Windows.
            pathext = os.environ.get("PATHEXT", "").split(os.pathsep)
            # See if the given file matches any of the expected path extensions.
            # This will allow us to short circuit when given "python.exe".
            # If it does match, only test that one, otherwise we have to try
            # others.
            if any(cmd.lower().endswith(ext.lower()) for ext in pathext):
                files = [cmd]
            else:
                files = [cmd + ext for ext in pathext]
        else:
            # On other platforms you don't have things like PATHEXT to tell you
            # what file suffixes are executable, so just pass on cmd as-is.
            files = [cmd]

        seen = set()
        for dir in path:
            normdir = os.path.normcase(dir)
            if not normdir in seen:
                seen.add(normdir)
                for thefile in files:
                    name = os.path.join(dir, thefile)
                    if _access_check(name, mode):
                        return name
        return None


# Site-packages functions - use native function if available.
if hasattr(site, 'getsitepackages'):
    getsitepackages = site.getsitepackages
# Backported For Python 2.6 and virtualenv.
# Module 'site' in virtualenv might not have this attribute.
else:
    def getsitepackages():
        """
        Return only one item as list with one item.
        """
        # For now used only on Windows. Raise Exception for other platforms.
        if is_win:
            pths = [os.path.join(sys.prefix, 'Lib', 'site-packages')]
            # Include Real sys.prefix for virtualenv.
            if is_virtualenv:
                pths.append(os.path.join(base_prefix, 'Lib', 'site-packages'))
            return pths
        else:
            # TODO Implement for Python 2.6 on other platforms.
            raise NotImplementedError()


# Function to reload a module - used to reload module 'PyInstaller.config' for tests.
# imp module is deprecated since Python 3.4.
try:
    from importlib import reload as module_reload
except ImportError:
    from imp import reload as module_reload


# Wrapper to load a module from a Python source file.
# This function loads import hooks when processing them.
if is_py2:
    import imp
    importlib_load_source = imp.load_source
else:
    import importlib.machinery
    def importlib_load_source(name, pathname):                # Import module from a file.
        mod_loader = importlib.machinery.SourceFileLoader(name, pathname)
        return mod_loader.load_module()


try:
    # new in Python 3
    FileNotFoundError_ = FileNotFoundError
except NameError:
    class FileNotFoundError(OSError):
        pass
else:
    FileNotFoundError = FileNotFoundError_
    del FileNotFoundError_


# Patterns of module names that should be bundled into the base_library.zip.

PY3_BASE_MODULES = {
    # Python 3.x
    # These modules are direct or indirect dependencies of encodings.* modules.
    # encodings modules must be recursively included to set the I/O encoding during
    # python startup.
    '_weakrefset',
    'abc',
    'codecs',
    'collections',
    'copyreg',
    'encodings',
    'enum',
    'functools',
    'io',
    'heapq',
    'keyword',
    'linecache',
    'locale',
    'operator',
    're',
    'reprlib',
    'sre_compile',
    'sre_constants',
    'sre_parse',
    'traceback',  # for startup errors
    'types',
    'weakref',
    'warnings',
}

if is_py3:
    PY3_BASE_MODULES.update({
        '_bootlocale',
        '_collections_abc',
    })

# Object types of Pure Python modules in modulegraph dependency graph.
# Pure Python modules have code object (attribute co_code).
PURE_PYTHON_MODULE_TYPES = {
    'SourceModule',
    'CompiledModule',
    'Package',
    'NamespacePackage',
    # Deprecated.
    # TODO Could these module types be removed?
    'FlatPackage',
    'ArchiveModule',
}
# Object types of special Python modules (built-in, run-time, namespace package)
# in modulegraph dependency graph that do not have code object.
SPECIAL_MODULE_TYPES = {
    'AliasNode',
    'BuiltinModule',
    'RuntimeModule',
    'RuntimePackage',

    # PyInstaller handles scripts differently and not as standard Python modules.
    'Script',
}
# Object types of Binary Python modules (extensions, etc) in modulegraph
# dependency graph.
BINARY_MODULE_TYPES = {
    'Extension',
}
# Object types of valid Python modules in modulegraph dependency graph.
VALID_MODULE_TYPES = PURE_PYTHON_MODULE_TYPES | SPECIAL_MODULE_TYPES | BINARY_MODULE_TYPES
# Object types of bad/missing/invalid Python modules in modulegraph
# dependency graph.
# TODO Should be 'Invalid' module types also in the 'MISSING' set?
BAD_MODULE_TYPES = {
    'BadModule',
    'ExcludedModule',
    'InvalidSourceModule',
    'InvalidCompiledModule',
    'MissingModule',

    # Runtime modules and packages are technically valid rather than bad, but
    # exist only in-memory rather than on-disk (typically due to
    # pre_safe_import_module() hooks) and hence cannot be physically frozen.
    # For simplicity, these nodes are categorized as bad rather than valid.
    'RuntimeModule',
    'RuntimePackage',
}
ALL_MODULE_TYPES = VALID_MODULE_TYPES | BAD_MODULE_TYPES
# TODO Review this mapping to TOC, remove useless entries.
# Dict to map ModuleGraph node types to TOC typecodes
MODULE_TYPES_TO_TOC_DICT = {
    # Pure modules.
    'AliasNode': 'PYMODULE',
    'Script': 'PYSOURCE',
    'SourceModule': 'PYMODULE',
    'CompiledModule': 'PYMODULE',
    'Package': 'PYMODULE',
    'FlatPackage': 'PYMODULE',
    'ArchiveModule': 'PYMODULE',
    # Binary modules.
    'Extension': 'EXTENSION',
    # Special valid modules.
    'BuiltinModule': 'BUILTIN',
    'NamespacePackage': 'PYMODULE',
    # Bad modules.
    'BadModule': 'bad',
    'ExcludedModule': 'excluded',
    'InvalidSourceModule': 'invalid',
    'InvalidCompiledModule': 'invalid',
    'MissingModule': 'missing',
    'RuntimeModule': 'runtime',
    'RuntimePackage': 'runtime',
    # Other.
    'does not occur': 'BINARY',
}


def check_requirements():
    """
    Verify that all requirements to run PyInstaller are met.

    Fail hard if any requirement is not met.
    """
    # Fail hard if Python does not have minimum required version
    if sys.version_info < (3, 5) and sys.version_info[:2] != (2, 7):
        raise SystemExit('PyInstaller requires at least Python 2.7 or 3.5+.')


if not is_py3:
    class suppress(object):
        """Context manager to suppress specified exceptions
        After the exception is suppressed, execution proceeds with the next
        statement following the with statement.
             with suppress(FileNotFoundError):
                 os.remove(somefile)
             # Execution still resumes here if the file was already removed
        """

        def __init__(self, *exceptions):
            self._exceptions = exceptions

        def __enter__(self):
            pass

        def __exit__(self, exctype, excinst, exctb):
            return (exctype is not None and
                    issubclass(exctype, self._exceptions))
else:
    from contextlib import suppress  # noqa: F401